Abdominocentesis

Abdominocentesis

Basic Information image

Synonym(s)

Belly tap

Abdominal tap

Paracentesis

Abdominal paracentesis

Overview and Goal(s)

Obtain a representative sample of peritoneal fluid in a safe, aseptic manner.

Indications

• Colic

• Increased peritoneal effusion

• Post–exploratory laparotomy complications (fever, colic)

• Weight loss

• Chronic diarrhea

• Fever of unknown origin

Contraindications

• Distended viscus on ventral midline

• Overtly painful horse unwilling to stand without proper restraint available

Equipment, Anesthesia

• Sedation (xylazine)

• Experienced horse handler with a properly applied nose twitch may be necessary for young, excited, or fractious patients

• Stocks, if available, are preferred for improved restraint and protection of operator

• Clippers

• Surgical scrub solution-impregnated gauze and alcohol gauze for aseptic prepping of skin

• 3 mL of lidocaine with 25-gauge needle for local anesthesia

• Teat cannula, bitch catheter, 3-inch 18-gauge spinal needle, or 1.5-inch 18-gauge needle

• Sterile gloves

• Sterile gauze

• No. 15 blade

• Evacuated glass tube and several evacuated tubes containing EDTA

• Syringe (3 or 6 mL)

• Ultrasound for identification of appropriate tap site

Anticipated Time

Approximately 10 to 15 minutes

Preparation: Important Checkpoints

• Ultrasound the most dependent portion of abdomen to determine the best location for abdominocentesis. It is usually on right side of midline caudal to the xiphoid.

• Locate an area where there is free peritoneal fluid if possible, and avoid the spleen and large distended viscera.

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Jul 24, 2016 | Posted by in SMALL ANIMAL | Comments Off on Abdominocentesis

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